Your school garden might be small enough to require a simple planting map or it may entail many different types of features. If you are mapping a large site, you might want to consider a two-step process in which students first map out the "big" picture by identifying buildings, fences, trees, shrubs, play areas, and major pathways, and then create detailed plant maps of smaller areas, such as a rainbow garden.

In either case, students can measure the actual size of the proposed site and features and then use grid or graph paper and an appropriate scale to sketch the garden layout. (Make sure they add the four main compass directions.) You can provide younger students with a scale of, say, one square on the graph paper equals one foot of the garden. Challenge older students to figure out an appropriate scale.

Consider having each student or small group submit a "dream garden" design. Students might draw their visions or cut out images of garden plants from seed catalogs and paste them on paper. The class can then choose the best (and most practical) elements of each to incorporate into a final design. The concept of representing a three-dimensional garden space in one dimension can be difficult for students to grasp, especially young ones. Think about an intermediate step, such as having students create a 3-D model using cardboard, natural materials, and/or a pliable medium, such as polymer clay.

Students can figure out planting schemes for different sections of the garden by consulting seed catalogs and packets, neighborhood gardeners, gardening books, and Internet sites. Such resources provide details on plant colors, heights, spacing needs, and so on. Imagine the possibilities for practicing teamwork and honing math and art skills as students puzzle out design details. How much space does a bean tepee take up? How many cubic feet of wood chips will we need if we want them four inches deep on our paths? How can we split a circular bed into six equal sections?

As you and your students dream, consider different types of garden features you might include and where these might fit into your design and budget, then plan accordingly. For instance, will you have garden beds? Will they be for individual students or classes, or both? What shape(s) will they be? Will they be simple mounds or permanent raised beds made from wood or recycled plastic wood? Many school gardens also feature components such as the following: wide pathways (for wheelchair access), gathering places, living "rooms" or hideaways (such as sunflower houses), compost areas, signs, ponds, and weather stations.

If you have a large project, consider finding a local landscaper or similar professional who is willing to donate time. He or she can make sure you've considered all available options and potential problem areas, and help you move the design forward. Try to find someone who will engage students in the planning and design process.